Electronic material

Electronic materials are the electrical characterized material that contains different functionalities of electrical properties in electrical systems and circuit networks. There are different types of electronic materials. Electronic material is that material that consists of electrical strength, quality, and behavior. Each material has its characteristics and natures. Conductors, semiconductors, and insulators are electronic materials. These are the material used in electrical systems, networks, devices, circuits, etc. The behavior of electronic material depends upon the molecular structure and movements.  Each material has its characteristics and depends upon some factors. Resistance and current flow differ from each material (conductor, insulator, and semiconductors). Electronic materials are used to construct different applications. To construct and make our required electrical equipment, circuit, device, and anything else, we use these materials differently.  The behavior and function of this electronic material( conductors, semiconductors, and insulators) is as following:

Integrated circuits and electronic components consist of semiconductors, insulators, etc

Conductors:

Conductors have free movable electrons or charges to move and they can pass current easily because there are free electrons and resistance is low in the flow of current. The strength of the conductor depends upon the temperature, cross-sectional area of material, nature of the material, and length of the conductor. The relationship between the conductor's resistivity and temperature is linear. If the temperature increases, the resistivity of the conductor is also increased. This depends upon the molecular structure, when temperature increases motion of molecules increases and resistivity to current flow increases.

Copper conductor is used in electrical wire 

similarly, resistivity decreases when temperature decreases. If the length of the conductor increases, resistivity increases, and vice versa. Similarly when the conductor's cross-section area increases, the resistivity of conductor material decreases and vice versa. In conductors, there are different types of conductors that have different natures of material that differ from one to another. Each material has different resistivity, free electron, and current flow. Copper, gold, silver, aluminum, and iron, etc are the conductors.

Insulators:

Insulators are that electronic materials that have no free movable electrons or charges and possess high resistance. This insulator has the opposite functionality and behavior of the conductors. As insulators do not possess movable charges so they can not pass current. Inductors are the bad conductors. Due to the absence of electrons in insulators because there are no free available electrons to pass current so current is negligible in insulators. Like a conductor, an insulator also depends upon the same factors on which conductors depend. Temperature, cross-section area,

A plastic or rubber insulator is used in wiring for the protection

 length of material, and nature of the material. As the temperature increases, the resistance of insulators decreases and vice versa. By increasing the temperature the insulator can be converted into a conductor because the resistance decreases by the increase in temperature and then-current start to flow. Each insulators material has different insulating strength. Silicon,  rubber, glass, plastic, wood, etc are the bad conductors or insulators.

Semiconductors:

A semiconductor material has the function and behavior of both, conductor and insulators. Semiconductors are also called the intermediate form of material between conductor and insulator materials. Current can pass through semiconductors and resistance is moderate. If the temperature increases then resistance decreases and vice versa. Silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, etc. Silicon is the best and most widely used semiconductor and it's also used in integrated circuits, electronic chips, and other electronic devices. Almost all the integrated circuits are made up of silicon and other semiconductor material. Electronic materials are the materials used in electronics, microelectronics, electrical network systems, and the substances for the building up of integrated circuits, circuit boards, communication cables, and various controlling and monitoring devices.

Integrated circuits made up of silicon and other semiconductor material